Fix VPN connected but Remote Desktop fails Windows 10. Connecting to a Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a common practice for accessing a remote network securely. However, one frustrating issue that Windows 10 users often encounter is the inability to connect to a remote desktop (RDP) session even after successfully connecting to a VPN. This problem can arise due to several factors, including network settings, VPN configuration, or firewall restrictions. In this article, we’ll explore the possible causes and provide a step-by-step troubleshooting guide to help you resolve the issue of VPN being connected but Remote Desktop failing on Windows 10.
Understanding the Basics: VPN and Remote Desktop
Before diving into the troubleshooting steps, it’s important to understand the basic functions of VPN and Remote Desktop.
1. Virtual Private Network (VPN)
A VPN creates a secure connection between your computer and a remote network, often used to access resources in a business environment or to browse the internet securely. It encrypts your internet traffic and routes it through a remote server, masking your IP address and protecting your data from unauthorized access.
2. Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)
Remote Desktop Protocol is a Microsoft technology that allows you to connect to another computer remotely. It’s commonly used for accessing work computers from home or managing servers in different locations. RDP requires both the client and the host machine to be properly configured for the connection to work.
Common Reasons Why VPN Is Connected but Remote Desktop Fails
1. Incorrect IP Address or Hostname
One of the most common reasons for Remote Desktop failure is entering the wrong IP address or hostname of the remote computer. When connected to a VPN, your network configuration might change, affecting the way you connect to the remote machine.
2. Firewall Restrictions
Firewalls are designed to defend networks by blocking unauthorized access. However, they can sometimes block legitimate RDP traffic, especially when using a VPN. Both the local and remote firewalls may need to be configured to allow RDP connections over the VPN.
3. Network Configuration Issues
VPNs can alter your network configuration, causing issues with routing or DNS resolution. This can prevent your computer from properly communicating with the remote machine.
4. VPN Split Tunneling
Split tunneling allows you to route some of your traffic through the VPN while sending other traffic directly to the internet. If RDP traffic is not properly routed through the VPN, the connection may fail.
5. Remote Desktop Configuration
The remote computer might not properly configured to accept Remote Desktop connections. This could be due to settings in Windows 10 or issues with the RDP service itself.
6. Outdated or Incompatible VPN Software
Using outdated VPN software can lead to compatibility issues with Windows 10, causing problems with RDP connections.
7. Network-Level Authentication (NLA)
Network-Level Authentication adds an extra layer of security to RDP connections. If the client machine does not support NLA, the connection will fail.
Step-by-Step Guide VPN Connected but Remote Desktop Fails Windows 10
Step 1: Verify the IP Address or Hostname
When connected to a VPN, the IP address or hostname of the remote machine might change. Here’s how to ensure you’re using the correct information:
- Check the Remote Machine’s IP Address:
- On the remote machine, open Command Prompt and type ipconfig.
- Note the IP address listed under the VPN network adapter.
- Use the Hostname:
- If the remote machine has a DNS entry, try connecting using its hostname instead of the IP address.
- Ensure that the hostname resolves correctly by pinging it from your local machine.
Step 2: Configure Firewall Settings
Firewalls on both the local and remote machines may block RDP traffic. To configure firewall settings:
- Allow RDP Through Windows Firewall:
- On both the local and remote machines, go to Control Panel > System and Security > Windows Defender Firewall > Allow an app or feature through Windows Defender Firewall.
- Ensure that “Remote Desktop” is checked for both private and public networks.
- Check Third-Party Firewalls:
- If you are using third-party firewall software, ensure that it is configured to allow RDP traffic.
- Add an exception for the RDP port (default is 3389).
Step 3: Check VPN Routing and DNS Settings
Misconfigured VPN settings can prevent RDP traffic from reaching its destination. To check VPN routing and DNS settings:
- Disable Split Tunneling:
- Disable split tunneling in your VPN settings to ensure all traffic, including RDP, is routed through the VPN.
- Update DNS Settings:
- Ensure that your VPN is correctly handling DNS requests. Use the DNS settings provided by your VPN provider or configure custom DNS servers that are accessible over the VPN.
Step 4: Verify Remote Desktop Configuration
The remote machine must be properly configured to accept RDP connections. To verify the configuration:
- Enable Remote Desktop:
- On the remote machine, go to Settings > System > Remote Desktop.
- Toggle the “Enable Remote Desktop” switch to the on position.
- Check Network-Level Authentication (NLA):
- Ensure that NLA either supported by your client machine or disabled on the remote machine.
- You can disable NLA on the remote machine by going to System Properties > Remote > Allow remote connections to this computer, and then uncheck the “Allow connections only from computers running Remote Desktop with Network Level Authentication” option.
Step 5: Update VPN Software and Network Drivers
Outdated VPN software or network drivers can cause compatibility issues. To ensure everything is up to date:
- Update VPN Software:
- Visit your VPN provider’s website and download the latest version of the VPN client.
- Install the update and restart your computer.
- Update Network Drivers:
- Open Device Manager, locate your network adapters, right-click on each one, and select “Update driver.”
- Restart your computer after updating the drivers.
Step 6: Test with an Alternative RDP Client
If the native Windows 10 Remote Desktop client is not working, try using an alternative RDP client:
- Microsoft Remote Desktop for Windows Store:
- Download the Microsoft Remote Desktop app from the Windows Store and test the connection.
- Third-Party RDP Clients:
- Consider using third-party RDP clients such as Remote Desktop Manager or mRemoteNG to see if the connection works.
Step 7: Check for Windows Updates
Windows updates can sometimes resolve underlying issues with RDP and VPN connections. Ensure that your system is up to date:
- Check for Updates:
- Go to Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update and click “Check for updates.”
- Install any available updates and restart your computer.
Step 8: Consult VPN Provider Support
If you have tried all of the above steps and the issue persists, it may be specific to your VPN provider.
Contact their support for assistance:
- Submit a Support Ticket:
- Provide details about your setup, including the VPN client version, Windows 10 version, and any error messages you receive.
- Follow Provider-Specific Guides:
- Many VPN providers offer detailed troubleshooting guides for issues with RDP and VPN connections.
Conclusion
Experiencing issues where your VPN connected but Remote Desktop fails on Windows 10 frustrating, especially when you rely on remote access for work or personal tasks. By following this comprehensive troubleshooting guide, you should be able to identify and resolve the underlying cause of the problem. Remember to check your IP address and hostname, configure firewall settings correctly, verify VPN routing, and ensure that both your VPN software and network drivers are up to date. If all else fails, don’t hesitate to reach out to your VPN provider for additional support. With the right approach, you’ll be able to restore your remote desktop connection and continue your tasks without further interruption.
